Journal Articles and Book Chapters

Rodney D. Nielsen, Wayne Ward and James H. Martin. (2009). Recognizing entailment in intelligent tutoring systems. In Ido Dagan, Bill Dolan, Bernardo Magnini and Dan Roth (Eds.): The Journal of Natural Language Engineering, (JNLE), 15, pp 479-501. Copyright Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Rodney D. Nielsen, Kristy Boyer, Michael Heilman, Chin-Yew Lin, Juan Pino, and Amanda Stent. (2009). Evaluating question generation: Methodologies and performance metrics. In Vasile Rus and Art Graesser (Eds.) The Question Generation Shared Task and Evaluation Challenge. ISBN: 978-0-615-27428-7

Rodney D. Nielsen, Wayne Ward and James H. Martin. (2008). Soft computing in intelligent tutoring systems and educational assessment. In Bhanu Prasad (Ed.): Soft Computing Applications in Business, pp 201-230. Published by Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany.

Conference and Workshop Proceedings

Lee Becker, Rodney D. Nielsen, and Wayne Ward. (2009). What a pilot study says about running a question generation challenge. In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Question Generation, at the 14^th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, Brighton, United Kingdom, July 6-10, 2009. IOS Press.

Sikos, Les, Rodney D. Nielsen, Travis Rood, Laura A. Michaelis, Martha Palmer and Albert D. Kim. 2009. On the Road to Conventionalization: Analyses of Nominal Coercion. Poster presented at The Twenty-Second Annual Meeting of the CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing. Davis, CA. March 2009.

Rodney D. Nielsen, Lee Becker, and Wayne Ward. (2008). TAC 2008 CLEAR RTE system report: Facet-based entailment. In Proceedings of the Text Analysis Conference, Gaithersburg, Maryland, November 17-19, 2008. National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Rodney D. Nielsen. (2008). Question generation: Proposed challenge tasks and their evaluation. In Vasile Rus and Art Graesser (Eds.): Proceedings of the Workshop on the Question Generation Shared Task and Evaluation Challenge, Arlington, Virginia, September 25-26, 2008.

Rodney D. Nielsen. (accepted). Identifying key concepts for question generation. Accepted to the Workshop on the Question Generation Shared Task and Evaluation Challenge (combined with another accepted paper into the preceding paper), Arlington, Virginia, September 25-26, 2008.

Rodney D. Nielsen, Jason Buckingham, Gary Knoll, Ben Marsh and Leysia Palen. (2008). A Taxonomy of questions for question generation. In Vasile Rus and Art Graesser (Eds.): Proceedings of the Workshop on the Question Generation Shared Task and Evaluation Challenge, Arlington, Virginia, September 25-26, 2008.

Rodney D. Nielsen, Wayne Ward and James H. Martin. (2008). Automatic generation of fine-grained representations of learner response semantics. In Beverly Park Woolf, Esma Aimeur, Roger Nkambou and Susanne P. Lajoie (Eds.): Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, (ITS 2008), pp 173-183, Montreal, Canada, June 23-27, 2008. Published by Springer, Heidelberg, Germany.

Rodney D. Nielsen, Wayne Ward, James H. Martin and Martha Palmer. (2008). Extracting a representation from text for semantic analysis. In Proceedings of the Forty-Sixth annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the Human Language Technologies Conference, (ACL-08:HLT), pp 241-244, Columbus, Ohio, June 15-20, 2008. Published by the Association for Computational Linguistics, (ACL), Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania.

Rodney D. Nielsen, Wayne Ward and James H. Martin. (2008). Classification errors in a domain-independent assessment system. In Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Innovative Use of Natural Language Processing for Building Educational Applications, at the Forty-Sixth annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, (ACL-08:HLT), pp 10-18, Columbus, Ohio, June 15-20, 2008. Published by the Association for Computational Linguistics, (ACL), Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania.

Rodney D. Nielsen, Wayne Ward, James H. Martin and Martha Palmer. (2008). Annotating students' understanding of science concepts. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, (LREC'08), Marrakech, Morocco, May 28-30, 2008. Published by the European Language Resources Association, (ELRA), Paris, France.

Rodney D. Nielsen, Wayne Ward and James H. Martin. (2008). Learning to assess low-level conceptual understanding. In David Wilson and H. Chad Lane (Eds.): Proceedings of the Twenty-First International Artificial Intelligence Researchers Society Conference, (FLAIRS-08), pp 427-432, Coconut Grove, Florida, May 15-17, 2008. Published by the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, (AAAI Press), Menlo Park, California.

Rodney D. Nielsen and Wayne Ward. (2007). A corpus of fine-grained entailment relations. In Proceedings of the Pattern Analysis, Statistical Modelling and Computational Learning Workshop on Textual Entailment and Paraphrasing, at the Forty-Fifth annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, (ACL-PASCAL-07), pp 28-35, Prague, Czech Republic, June 23-30, 2007. Published by the Association for Computational Linguistics, (ACL), Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania.

Steven Bethard, Rodney D. Nielsen, James H. Martin, Wayne Ward, and Martha Palmer. (2007). Semantic integration in learning from text. In Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence Spring Symposium Series on Machine Reading, (AAAI SSS-07), Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, March 26-28, 2007. Published by the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, (AAAI Press), Menlo Park, California.

Rodney D. Nielsen, Wayne Ward and James H. Martin. (2006). Toward dependency path based entailment. In Bernardo Magnini and Ido Dagan (Eds.): Proceedings of the Second PASCAL Recognising Textual Entailment Challenge Workshop, (PASCAL RTE 2006), pp 44-49, Venice, Italy, April 10, 2006. Published by the Pattern Analysis, Statistical Modelling and Computational Learning Network of Excellence, (PASCAL).

Rodney D. Nielsen and Sameer Pradhan. (2004). Mixing weak learners in semantic parsing. In Dekang Lin and Dekai Wu (Eds.): Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, (EMNLP 2004), pp 80-87, Barcelona, Spain, July 25-26, 2004. Published by the Association for Computational Linguistics, (ACL), Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania.

Rodney D. Nielsen. (2004). MOB-ESP and other improvements in probability estimation. In Max Chickering and Joseph Halpern (Eds.): Proceedings of the Twentieth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, (UAI-2004), pp 418-425, Banff, Canada, July 7-11, 2004. Published by the Association for Computing Machinery, (ACM), New York, New York.

David Reynolds and Tim Beck. (1993). Tennessee offender management information system. In Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence, (IAAI-93), Washington, DC, July 11-15, 1993. Published by the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, (AAAI Press), Menlo Park, California. (Rodney designed the knowledge-based system and implemented its application architecture.)

Ph.D. Thesis

Rodney D. Nielsen. (2008). Learner answer assessment in intelligent tutoring systems. Ph.D. thesis, Wayne Ward and James H. Martin, Co-Advisors, the University of Colorado at Boulder, January 4, 2008.

Technical Reports

Markus Breitenbach, Rodney Nielsen and Gregory Grudic. (2003). Probabilistic random forests: Predicting data point specific Misclassification probabilities. Technical Report CU-CS-954-03, the University of Colorado at Boulder.

Rodney D. Nielsen. (1995). Automated unit test generation in expert systems. Andersen Consulting Technical Report, Chicago, Illinois.

Rodney D. Nielsen. (1995). End-user code generation in expert systems. Andersen Consulting Technical Report, Chicago, Illinois.